Eye Contact And Nonverbal Communication - 962 Words

Eye Contact in Nonverbal Communication Another important aspect of nonverbal communication process is eye contact. In America, eye contact is very important but it is different in some cultures and countries. For example, Muslims often lower their graze and try to not focus on the opposite sex features except for the hands and face. In fact, lustful glances to those of the opposite sex is prohibited in their cultural. In addition, the Japanese culture view eye contact differently. According to (SITE), Japanese children are taught in school to direct their gaze at the region of their teachers Adams apple or the tie kot. As adults, the Japanese culture lower their eyes when speaking to a superior as a gesture or respect. On the contrary, in America, teachers prefer students to engage in eye contact because it indicates that they are alert and following along to their lecture or peers. According to (SITE), a study conducted in Germany which infants were examine during their first 12 we eks of life. The researchers studied the relationship between eye contact among the infants. After watching the videos, the researchers measured the mutual eye contact between the mother and the infant by looking at the overlap in time when the mothers looked at their infant’s face. In addition, the study found that the amount of eye contact between the mothers and infants increased over the first 12 weeks. The mother who held eye contact with her child during four weeks was described asShow MoreRelatedEye Contact And Nonverbal Communication1184 Words   |  5 PagesEye contact: Eye contact is fundamental when imparting as it tells the beneficiary you are tuning in, demonstrating an intrigue and understanding messages. The absence of eye contact could mean the beneficiary is not hearing you, so you may need to consider advances to help with this. For examples: Eye contact is the meeting of the eyes between two people. In people, eye contact is a type of nonverbal correspondence and affects social conduct. ... The traditions and essentialness of eye contactRead MoreDifferent Ways Nonverbal Communication Is Expressed, Examples Are Expressions, Eye Contact, And Body Language ( Weitz1532 Words   |  7 PagesCommunication is defined as the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to exchange information or to express ideas, thoughts, or feelings, to someone else (Mehrabian, 1977). According to this definition, communication is not limited to verbal exchanges. Each participant of a conversation is presented with verbal responses as well as the unspoken gestures and expressions of the respondent. There are many different ways nonverbal communication is expressed, examples are: facialRead MoreNonverbal Communication And Professional And Personal Environment1612 Words   |  7 PagesCommunication is a procedure in which individuals verbally or non-verbally share data and thoughts. Nonverbal communication can be best characterised as a quiet type of speaking with a man without utilising any type of discourse to get a crowd of people. Nonverbal communication is regularly used to make a statement of a however and make your message additionally engaging and intriguing to whom you are identifying with. There are numerous sorts of nonverbal communication utilised as a part of expertRead MoreNonverbal Communication And Non Verbal Communication1682 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Non-verbal communication is especially significant in intercultural situations† (Businesscom, 2015). In a business setting duties performed are the main reasons for an employees success, though studies and reports show that nonverbal communications can hinder or excel an employees relationships. Ultimately, nonverbal communications can benefit a business. With the communication of nonverbal there are many forms that help to read body language and true feelings including: adapters, a body movementRead MoreSpatial Zones And Body Language996 Words   |  4 PagesBody Language Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Leah Breiss and Briana Valdez Clark University Author Note This paper was prepared for Management 170 Managerial Communication taught by Professor Cheryl Amantea during the Semester Term Fall 2016 Spatial Zones and Body Language Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Introduction Nonverbal communication plays a central role in any conversation. Eye contact, posture, and proximity all determine how verbal communication is interpretedRead MoreEye contact Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pages A common phrase used about the eyes is that, â€Å"the eyes are the window to the soul.† This phrase is not necessarily true; however, it gives a good perspective on how people use eyes to judge a person’s character. First of all, eye contact is a great communication tool and can be used effectively in social situation. Second, a teacher can use eye contact to help their interaction with students. Third, employers want a future employee to have good eye contact to know that the employee is listeningRead MoreVerbal Communication : Nonverbal Communication1428 Words   |  6 Pagesuse to perceive that rolling eyes, shrugging shoulders, and nodding head etc. are just the attitude of people. The real communication is just based on the words we communicate with each ot her to deliver our messages and intentions. However, after taking this class it is quite clear to me that communication is not just verbal communication but nonverbal as well. After taking this course, I have become able to understand the nonverbal aspects in each and every communication, I use to encounter with orRead MoreNonverbal Communication in Foreign Culture vs My Culture1212 Words   |  5 PagesFind examples of the types of nonverbal communication that are specific to a foreign  culture and compare these to your own culture.  Ã‚  Analyse how the nonverbal communication of both cultures could impact upon business dealings between the two. Nonverbal communication is the act of communicating without speaking, and instead involves the use of gestures, facial expressions and body language and is an important part of how people communicate, sometimes more powerful than verbal interaction, and makesRead MoreCommunication Occurs Everyday With People At Work Or Home909 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication occurs everyday with people at work or home. Communication is important for people to pass information and entertainment. This paper will discuss different aspects of communication. These aspects include the explanation of the two communication types and how nonverbal communication can help the communication with others. Another item that will be discussed will involve results based on a survey taken that is on communication. People have communication using two different types. TheseRead Moreï » ¿Verbal communication and nonverbal communication1374 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Verbal communication and nonverbal communication What Is the Meaning of Verbal Communication? Verbal communication is an act of conveying messages, ideas, or feelings through the use of mouth. Verbal communication is the main way of communicating face-to-face. Among the key components of the verbal communication are words, sound, speaking, and language. 9 effective forms of Verbal Communication 1. Read more – Simply increasing what you read (business texts, novels, newspapers etc) can

The Necklace, A Monkeys Paw, And The Gift Of Magi

The Necklace, A Monkeys Paw, and The Gift of Magi all have a distinctive technique that leads to a deeper meaning of the story. The technique of The Necklace is represented by symbolism of the necklace. In A Monkeys Paw, the technique that is seen is foreshadowing. In The Gift of Magi, irony is the technique that is noticed throughout the story. All three short stories deal with the irony of consequence. Each story involved a major decision and in each case the result of the decision was incredibly unexpected. Through symbolism, foreshadowing, and irony the authors conclude that whats inside the heart is far more important than material wealth. In The Necklace Mathilde is a poor young woman who idolizes beautiful things†¦show more content†¦If she wouldve been proud of her inner beauty and not so focused on wealth and status, then her life would have been so much more rewarding. She learned the incredibly tough consequence of not Madame Forester about losing the necklace. Her decision cost herself time and money but more importantly, cost Mathilde her pride. In The Gift of Magi, Della and Jim sacrifice their prized possessions for each other and for love. Irony is represented in this story when Della and Jim both get each other gifts that mean a lot to each other. However, what they did not realize is that when Della cut her hair to to buy Jim a chain for his watch, she was unaware that Jim was going to sell his watch to buy her combs for her hair. The irony of their gift exchange is monumental as their unconditional love for one another took over for their own personal possession. Jim exclaims, â€Å"I dont think theres anything in the way of a haircut or a shave or a shampoo that could make me like my girl any less. But if youll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first. The magi which are described as wise men also signifies irony because Della and Jims presents were more than wise. They represented that a gift does not need to be expensive to have value. A gift can be more meaningful just by the thought. The Monkeys Paw, deals with a familys unwillingness to accept things as they should be. They desired more and paid the dire

Speeches hit the spotlight as they merge into the largest firm in the industry - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3320 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: THE MA MANIA Every time you watch the news or read the paper youd be faced with news of the merger mania and leaders discussing their visions and aspirations. Their speeches hit the spotlight as they merge into the largest firm in the industry. The press pushes for more statements, figures and secrets. The lights jump from one big transaction to the other leaving CEOs and their subordinates facing the daily-born challenges of a merger. Time passes and they now know that their jobs are at stakeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.. DEFINITION OF MERGERS ACQUISITIONS The term MA is strictly confined to strategically motivated business combinations i.e. transactions that result in the transfer of ownership as well as management and control rights from one company (the target) to another (the acquirer)  [1]  . This can be further described as follows: Acquisition: It occurs when one company takes controlling ownership of another firm or subsidiaries/assets of another firm. This includes spin-offs, divestitures and buy-outs  [2]  . In the course of acquisition process, firm A purchases a controlling interest in firm B. Firm B loses its economic independence. It may, however, remain an independent legal entity. The purchase can be a negotiated deal, in the case of listed corporations, firm A may make a public offer to all shareholders of firm B to buy their shares (tender offer). In case of asset acquisition, firm A purchases assets from firm B. If Firm A purchases all assets, firm B remains a shell corporation which owns only cash. It m ay be dissolved after paying out the cash to its owners. The two different types of acquisition (friendly and hostile takeovers) are further detailed and illustrated in the next section (1.3 The corporate takeover market pg.6). Merger: It is a combination of two or more firms in which all but one legally cease to exist, and the combined organization continues under the original name of the surviving firm  [3]  . Mergers and acquisitions occur in different directions: Horizontal is when both companies are in the same industry. A big example of a horizontal acquisition occurred on July, 2002, Pfizer, Inc. announced the acquisition of Pharmacia, Corp., which would create the largest pharmaceutical company in the world with a projected $48 billion in annual revenue and a research budget of more than $7 billion. Vertical is when a company integrates upstream or downstream their value chain. A big example of a vertical acquisition is that of Internet giant America Online, Inc. (AOL) purchasing media conglomerate Time Warner Inc. in a record setting one-hundred and sixty-five billion dollar deal  [4]  . The merger represented the next generation media company, combining new and old companies into one. Time Warners print publications, cable television lines, and services complemented AOLs online and interactive services and therefore, it is categorized as a vertical acquisition. Conglomerate (diversification) is when companies are from unrelated industries. The products of the two firms are not directly related to each other. With the acquisition, the buyer enters a new market  [5]  . Kelsos acquisition of Nortek is an example of a conglomerate merger. The two companies are totally unrelated. Nortek Inc. is a leading international designer, manufacturer and marketer of building products while Kelso Company, L.P. is a private equity firm based in New York City. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Speeches hit the spotlight as they merge into the largest firm in the industry" essay for you Create order THE CORPORATE TAKE-OVER MARKET The various tactics that may be used in developing the MA strategy should be viewed as a series of decision points, with objectives and opinions usually well-defined and understood before an MA attempt is initiated. This is illustrated in figure 1 in page 14. Such tactics could be done in a friendly or a hostile strategy. Common objectives for a bidder include: winning control of the target, minimizing transaction costs, facilitating post-MA integrationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦etc. Friendly takeovers: This type of MA is less costly than aggressive tactics. It retains the key personnel, customers and suppliers during the transaction. It also manages to maintain the targets purchase price and the premerger integration. The primary disadvantage of this approach is the loss of the surprise element  [6]  . On 3 February 2000, UK-based mobile phone group Vodafone AirTouch and the German telecommunications and engineering group Mannesmann AG ended a 3-month takeover negotiations and reached an agreement of a merger. In November 1999, Vodafone had announced its willingness to takeover Mannesmann and later directly addressed its offer to the Mannesmann shareholders. When it became clear that Vodafones attempt at a hostile takeover might succeed, the Mannesmann management agreed to negotiate the terms for a friendly takeover. The agreement defines some terms for the integration of the two companies and their further strategic development. Furthermore, Vodafone confirmed its commitm ent to the Mannesmann employee and that the merger doesnt mean additional job losses, and the rights of the employees, trade unions and works councilors would be fully recognized  [7]  . 1.3.2 Hostile takeovers: Hostile takeovers, on the other hand, are more challenging. They mainly depend on the factor of surprise which reduces the probability of a leak in the price of the targets stock by arbitrageurs. In the context of MAs, arbitrageurs are speculators who attempt to profit from the difference between the bid price and the target firms current share price  [8]  . An increased pulse in the targets share price can add dramatically to the cost of the transaction. For these reasons, the bidder may choose to go for a hostile takeover. All the above can be simplified in the following figure: Bidder adopts friendly approach Bidder adopts aggressive approach Bear Hug (offer to target board) Initial Query If No, If Yes, If Yes, If No, Negotiate Walk Away Negotiate Proxy Fight Tender Offer Litigation Open Purchase As seen in chart above, the two primary methods of conducting a hostile takeover are the tender offer and the proxy fight: A tender offer is a public bid for a large chunk of the targets stock at a fixed price, usually higher than the current market value of the stock. The purchaser uses a premium price to encourage the shareholders to sell their shares. The offer has a time limit, and it may have other provisions that the target company must abide by if shareholders accept the offer  [9]  . In a proxy fight, the buyer simply tries to convince the shareholders to vote out current management and replace it with a team that supports the acquisition. One of the most famous recent hostile take-over fights was Hewlett-Packards takeover of Compaq. The deal was valued at $25 billion. Hewlett-Packard however spent so much more simply to sell itself to shareholders. 51 percent of shareholders voted in favor of the merger and the deal was executed despite trials to legally halt it.  [10]  . MOTIVES BEHIND MA There are several reasons that pave way to mergers acquisitions. The most significant two are: faster growth and synergy. Proponents of a deal will often point to an ability to grow faster and/or anticipated synergy as the justification for a specific purchase price  [11]  . The following are the strongest prevailing motives of MA: 1.4.1 Operating Synergy: Achieving lower average costs and thus higher profits through an increase in the scale of operation is the main motive for merger activity. Economies of scale refer to spreading of fixed costs over increasing production levels. Scale is defined by fixed costs as depreciation of equipment and amortization of capitalized software, obligations such as interest, lease payments and taxes  [12]  . Accordingly, a merger increases the efficiency of the new firm more than the sum of their parts. Economies of scope refer to using a specific set of skills or an asset currently employed in producing a product or service to produce related products or services. Economies of scope include costs of RD, single brand umbrella to sell several products, selling several products through common distribution channels and so on  [13]  . The utilization of such common capabilities and resources justifies the cost reduction resulting from merging two or more product lines in one firm than to produce them separately. Economies of scope was the motive behind the vast international conglomerates built up in the last two decades. The merger of Travelers Group and Citicorp in 1998, for example, relied on selling the financial products of one by using the sales teams of the other. Citigroup was formed on October 8, 1998, following the merger of Citicorp and Travelers Group to create the worlds largest financial services organization. The history of the company is, thus, divided into the workings of several firms that over time amalgamated into Citicorp, a multinational banking corporation operating in more than 100 countries; or Travelers Group, whose businesses covered credit services, consumer finance, brokerage, and insurance. The merger between Citicorp and Travelers Group was announced to the world, creating a $140 billion firm with assets of almost $700 billion  [14]  . 1.4.2 Financial Synergy: Financial synergy refers to the impact of MAs on the cost of capital (i.e. minimum return required by investors and lenders) of acquiring firm or the newly formed firm resulting from the MA. Theoretically, the cost of capital could be reduced if the merged firms have uncorrelated cash flows, realize financial economies of scale, or result in a better matching of investment opportunities with internally generated funds  [15]  . A good example of mergers achieving financial synergies would be the historical birth of ExxonMobil Corporation formed in 1999 by the merger of the two major oil companies, Exxon and Mobil. It is currently one of the largest publicly traded companies in the world, having been ranked either #1 or #2 for the past 5 years. Exxon Mobils reserves were 72 billion oil-equivalent barrels at the end of 2007 with 37 oil refineries in 21 countries constituting a combined daily refining capacity of 6.3 million barrels. ExxonMobils total reported operating expenses declined by $400 million after the merger. Financial synergies in the merger included efficiency initiatives, spending more than offset, the impacts of new business activity and affiliate reorganizations. During the first year, the new company closed down outdated refineries, slashed seven percent of the workforce and eventually provided consumers with a better and cheaper product. As a result, upstream unit expenses were down 3 percent. Downstream unit expenses were down 1 percent benefiting from both lower overall costs and increased volumes. Furthermore, financial synergy was not simply on expense reduction. It maximized the contribution from all its resources financial assets, property and equipment, people, raw materials, and contracted services making Exxon Mobil the largest refiner in the world now  [16]  . 1.4.3 Diversification: Diversification is the process by which a firm enters a new market, without necessarily leaving its existing one(s), with a product new to the firm but not necessarily to the world. The strategy requires an organizational change and the development of technologies within the firm  [17]  . The best objective for diversification is for a firm to shift from its core product line or market into other lines and markets that have higher growth prospects. If a firm is facing slower growth in its current markets, it may be able to accelerate growth by selling its current products in new markets that are somewhat unfamiliar. Similarly, a firm may attempt to achieve higher growth rates by developing or acquiring new products. The risk is reduced by merging or acquiring a firm already familiar with these new markets or products. Anticipating that the cigarette industry would decline in the future, Philip Morris decided to diversify its product offerings and looked for acquisitions of u nrelated products to decrease dependence on the future of tobacco. In 1970 it acquired Millers Brewing for $ 227 million. Miller was the eight largest U.S. brewer with a 4.4% market share. Philip Morris increased Miller production, introduced new lines of products (Miller Malt Liquor, Milwaukee Ale, Miller Ale), acquired Meister Brau in 1972, and in 1975 introduced Miller Lite. By 1972, under Philip Morris Miller grew to the 3rd largest brewer, behind Schlitz; in 1980, Miller overtook Schlitz to become the second largest brewer. Today Philip Morris Companies is a holding company with a diversified product offering: Miller Brewing, General Foods (acquired, 1985), Kraft, Oscar Meyer (acquired, 1981), and Philip Morris. In 1989, tobacco products accounted for 40% of sales, food products accounted for 51%, and beer accounted for 8%  [18]  . 1.4.4 Strategic Realignment This theory suggests that firms use MAs as ways of rapidly adjusting to changes in their external environments. During the last 15 years, the regulatory environmental and technological changes are what formed a companys opportunities and threats. As the pace of these changes accelerates, MAs are often viewed as a way of rapidly exploiting new products and markets. This is especially because firms often do not have the luxury of time or resources to innovate. Thus, MAs in this case are often considered as a fast and less expensive way to acquire new technologies and propriety know-how to fill gaps in their current product offering  [19]  . An example of a strategic alignment merger would be that of British Telecom BT and MCI Communication Corporation. In June 1994, BT and MCI Communication Corporation, the second largest carrier of long distance telecommunications services in the US, launched Concert Communications Services, a $1 billion merger. This alliance gave BT and MCI a global network for providing end-to-end connectivity for advanced business services. Concert was the first company to provide a single source, broad portfolio of global communications services for multinational customers. On 3 November 1996, BT and MCI announced they had entered into a merger agreement to create a global telecommunications company called Concert plc, to be incorporated in the UK, with headquarters in both London and Washington DC. As part of the alliance BT acquired a 20 per cent holding in MCI. BT thus took an equity stake in MCI and now both companies jointly market and sell each others products and services in Europe and the United States  [20] 1.4.5 Market Power This theory suggests that firms merge to improve their monopoly power to set product prices at levels not sustainable in a more competitive market. According to one study, mergers in the airline industry in the late 1980s did result in higher ticket prices. The argument is based on the premise that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. That is, when two companies combine, their market growth should out-strip what the companies could achieve independently. The hugest examples of market power mergers are those of the pharmaceutical business. On January 18, UK pharmaceutical companies Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham announced that they would be merging their operations. Glaxo SmithKline will be the largest drug company not only in the UK but also outright in the world as well. The merger was closed so accurately leaving no opposition from the monopolies and mergers commission, the government or other regulatory obstacles. The new company-worth some  £130 billio n-will be quoted on both the London and New York stock exchanges. The stock markets had responded favorably to news of talks between the two companies. Glaxo SmithKline are now the worlds biggest producer of prescription drugs and have a market share of more than 7 percent. Glaxo SmithKline also raised global drug sales of  £17 billion, and the combination of their crucial research and development arms saved them  £250 million. The company now has the largest annual research and development budget in the world at  £2.4 billion  [21]  . 1.5 HISTORICAL MA WAVES (1) The 1st MA Wave: 1890s The 2nd MA Wave: 1910s-1920s The 1st MA wave started in 1890s. Its main feature is the horizontal takeover for consolidating industrial production. This period is called the Great Merger Wave but came to an end by the First World War and by the initiation of anti-trust laws like Sherman Act  [22]  . (2) The 3rd Wave: 1950s-1970s The 1930-40s can be said the dark age due to the Great Depression and the subsequent Second World war. The 3rd wave began 1950s and ended in the 1970s when the first oil crisis brought a turmoil in 1973. In this wave, European enterprises pursued horizontal MAs  [23]  . (3) The 4th Wave: 1980s The main turning point in the 4th wave is the recovery of stock markets from recession. Moreover, the fast technological boost led to mergers of worldwide electronics firms to achieve size competitiveness. Hostile MAs were very common and non-related diversifications were cut short. (4) The 5th MA Wave: 1990s The 5th MA wave started 1993 and came to an end with the collapse of equity market in 2000. In both scale and the number of MAs, the 5th wave was unprecedented. During 1993-2001, there were 114,925 MAs in Europe versus 12,729 in the fourth wave. The transaction value in the 5th wave reached $20 trillion, five times greater than the value of the 4th MA wave  [24]  . This is directly associated with the mechanism of international financial market. The main features of the 5th wave could be listed as: 1. cross-border takeovers accounted for a significant portion of total MA deals; 2. deregulation and privatization opened another strategic pathway for cross-border MAs which resulted in the Asian market emerging as an attractive MA target place; 3. the number of hostile MA bids decreased  [25]  . (5) A New Wave Since the mid-2003, the volume of MAs rose by 71% in 2004 compared to 2002. The value of the MAs by European firms amounted to $758 billion compared to $517 billion in 2002. Cross border takeovers are more actively done constituting 43% of the total value of European firms between 2002 and 2005  [26]  . Among industry groups, telecommunication industry is experiencing numerous MAs. For example, at least 10 MAs were completed in the early of 2005 and 8 of them were cross-border takeovers. The decreasing number of hostile MAs is consistent to the MA movement during the 5th wave  [27]  . Table 1: The historical MAs trends Time Period Driving Force(s) Type of MA Activity 1897 1904 Drive for efficiency Technological changes Migration Horizontal consolidation 1916 1929 Entry into WW1 Largely horizontal consolidation 1965 1969 Rising stock market Sustained economic boom Growth of conglomerates 1981 1989 Underperformance of conglomerates vs stock market Favorable foreign accounting practices Rise of hostile take-overs 1992 2000 Economic recovery Booming stock market Internet revolution Globalization reduction in trade barriers Age of strategic mega-mergers 1.6 DO MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS PAY OFF? The answer to the above posed question seems to depend on for whom and over what period of time. Around the announcement date if transaction, average returns to target firm share-holders, including both friendly and hostile, are about 30%. In contrast, the shareholders of acquiring firms generally returns that range from slightly negative and modestly positive around the announcement date  [28]  . Two approaches have been used to measure the impact of takeovers on shareholder value. The first approach, premerger returns, involves the examination of abnormal stock returns to the shareholders of bidders and targets at time of announcement. The second approach, post merger returns, measures the impact on shareholder value after the merger has been completed. 1.6.1 Returns to Shareholders: This is done by measuring the performance of MAs through accounting and other performance measures, such as cash flow and operating profit, during the 3-5 year period following completed transactions. Unfortunately, studies have shown conflicting evidence about long-term impact of MA activity. Some studies proved that MA create shareholder value and others have found that as many as 50-80% underperform their industry peers or fail to earn their cost of capital  [29]  . 1.6.2 Returns to Bondholders: Recent evidence suggests that investment grade bonds issued by target firms earn average excess returns of 4.3% around the merger announcement date. Moreover, returns to target bonds are even larger when the targets firm credit rating is lesser than the acquirers  [30]  . 1.6.3 Returns to Industry: Studies showed that MAs reflect future efficiencies by transferring assets from those who are not using them effectively to those who can. Studies also proved that MAs dont necessarily increase industry concentration i.e. share of output or value produced by the largest firms in the industry either in manufacturing or in the overall economy  [31]  .

Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal - 2030 Words

Assisted suicide is the intentional termination of life by another at the explicit request of the fully aware patient who dies. Assisted suicide should be legalized in Canada, and the world at large. The topic of Assisted Suicide has more recently become a controversial topic being debated around the world. According to the new health guide website last updated this month, Assisted Suicide is legal in only 11 countries. A survey taken by dying with dignity.com was answered by 80% of citisens all over Canada, 77% of which were in favor of legalizing Euthinasia. Although this survey proves that Euthanasia is something that a majority of canadians are in favor of legalizing, the decision should not be made based on a survey reflecting anyones opinion besides the patient themselves. The general public, the doctors nor the government should possess the right to decide whether one should live out their life in suffering, or to have a choice in assisted suicide. We should not tell the termi nally ill no, instead we should give them a choice. What amount of suffering is too much to bear will never truly be known. But It is inhumane to force someone to live out their their life enduring agony because you happen to value their continued existence more than they themselves do. When a doctor puts an animal to sleep, it is not considered animal abuse, or murder. It is considered helping the animal, and the family the pet belonged too. It gives the family peace to know their belovedShow MoreRelatedAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal986 Words   |  4 Pagesphysician assisted suicide should be legal I all fifty states because people should be able to determine when they are ready to end their life, but only in certain limited circumstances. Physician assisted suicide, also known as PAS, is suicide committed with the help of a physician. Another name for assisted suicide is euthanasia, which is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. Euthanasia is different from assisted suicide becauseRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe process of assisted suicide, or physician-assisted death, is a hotly debated topic that still remains at the forefront of many national discussions today. Assisted suicide can be described as the suicide of patient by a physician-prescribed dose of legal drugs. The reason that this topic is so widely debated is that it infringes on several moral and religious values that many people in the United States have. But, regardless of the way that people feel, a person’s right to live is guaranteedRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal909 Words   |  4 Pages The Suicide Debate Does a suffering person have the right to end their own life? That is the main debate behind assisted suicide. Assisted suicide is a very secretive, but surprisingly available option for people who are suffering. The documentary The Suicide Plan is largely presented from the point of view of the people who believe assisted suicide should be legal. The documentary takes us inside the hidden world of assisted suicide, as seen through the eyes of the people considering it. AssistedRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal1130 Words   |  5 Pagesdebate behind assisted suicide. Assisted suicide is a very secret, but surprisingly available option for suffering people. The documentary The Suicide Plan focuses on the people who believe assisted suicide should be legal. The documentary takes us inside the hidden world of assisted suicide, as seen through the eyes of the people considering it. Assisted suicide is only legal for terminally ill patients in Oregon and Washington. Individuals i n other states who consider assisted suicide are generallyRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal2265 Words   |  10 PagesAssisted Suicide should be made legal, as many people suffer from diseases that aren’t always curable, and it doesn t make sense to let them go through all that pain, and also for some families that have financial struggles paying for their medical bill. This controversial debate is whether or not assisted suicide or mercy killing should be legal and whether or not doctors should be allowed to help patients kill themselves or give guidance on how to. People argue that assisted suicide should beRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal2253 Words   |  10 PagesAssisted Suicide should be made legal because many people suffer from diseases that aren’t always curable, it doesn t make sense to let them go through all that pain and some families have financial struggles paying for their medical bill. This controversial debate is whether or not ass isted suicide or mercy killing should be legal, whether or not doctors should be allowed to help patients kill themselves or give guidance on how to. People argue that assisted suicide should be considered legal,Read MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal1761 Words   |  8 Pagesdying a slow and painful death, but assisted suicide could be best option for these patients. Assisted suicide is â€Å"any case in which a doctor gives a patient (usually someone with a terminal illness) the means to carry out their own suicide by using a lethal dose of medication† (Lee and Stingl 1). Some feel that assisted suicide is unnecessary because it is too great of a controversy and will only cause problems in society. However, assisted suicide should be legal in the United States as long as thereRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal2030 Words   |  9 Pagesis whether or not assisted suicide should be legalized. In order for people to truly argue and decide whether assisted suicide sho uld be legal they must know the definition. Many people mix up the definition of assisted suicide with euthanasia. There are both arguments for assisted suicide and against it. When arguing for and against assisted suicide the big argument seems to be whether it is morally right or morally wrong. The question of whether assisted suicide should be legal question what isRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal2300 Words   |  10 Pages What is assisted suicide? By definition, assisted suicide is suicide committed with the assistance of another person, usually a physician. This definition has changed slightly from the past. Assisted suicide used to be defined more as when a terminally ill patient would be assisted in their death by a doctor or physician. To some, it is a way to end the pain and suffering of a terminally ill loved one. To others, assisted suicide is considered killing people without giving them a chance. PeopleRead MoreAssisted Suicide Should Be Legal Essay1870 Wo rds   |  8 Pagesyour dog having been through a horrible accident. An accident that should of killed the dog but yet it didn’t. The only options for the dog are to let it suffer or put it down. Now, imagine this happening to a loved one or a family member. What if the loved one wanted their suffering to end? Assisted suicide is the intentional termination of life by a doctor at the request of the person who wishes to die. Assisted suicide should be legal because there are times when the terminally ill can be found in

Don Sanders And The Issue Of Tuition Free Public College...

Break. Stand. Fight. Campaign Trail Rhetoric from Bernie Sanders and the †¨Issue of Tuition-Free Public College Money seems to be a big problem here in America according to Vermont Senator, Bernie Sanders. He’s urging Californians to vote for â€Å"a new direction in the Democratic party† (Sanders Ad), and by virtue of that, put an end to the apparent corruption and misappropriation of this prized token of trade. In a rousing and inspirational commercial the Senator wanted us, as citizens of the Golden State, to not only vote for Bernie on June 7, but to get excited and maybe even a little angry about how money is the biggest and most corrupt problem here in America, particularly in regards to the issue of Tuition-Free Public College, where he encouraged us to fight for our right to free higher education and the promise of a greater nation. With better educated citizens strengthening our future economy, and a solid plan to fund tuition-free college for everyone by taxing the abundance of dollars being traded in Wall Street, Mr. Sanders has a confident and trustworthy proposal to get more Americans into a degree, however in the context of this 30-second television commercial he seems to fall short on his reasoning to back these ideas, and relies chiefly on the emotions of his constituents by simply reminding them of his views. If you’re a California Democrat, this ad’s for you. Here Bernie is primarily aiming at middle and lower income citizens, of all major ethnicities, who areShow MoreRelatedThe Literacy Rate Of The United States1361 Words   |  6 PagesEducation in Election 2016 Rates of literacy in the United States depend on how education in public and private schools providing to students and how it is affecting them to build bright futures. 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Environmental Risk and Carbon Emissions †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Risk and Carbon Emissions. Answer: Introduction: Cloud computing is having a remarkable impact on all the industry and is one of the biggest breakthroughs in the information technology systems in the past decade. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) started their plan of moving to the Amazon Cloud (Wamba et al. 2015). FINRA started moving their extremely critical systems in to the Amazon Cloud system. They were able to move their whole processes into the Amazon Cloud and now they are able to monitor and record the daily events in the New York Stock Exchange very easily. The company is able to record about 75 billion individual events on a daily basis, which is a remarkable achievement for the organization. The organization has been able to reduce the cost of storage by implementing the Amazon cloud service and has been able to store trillions of data, which may account to around 20 petabytes of data (Provost and Fawcett 2013). The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission are the primary regulators of the stock market and the new rules set by the government will require FINRA to collect and analyze more amounts of data. This is the very reason that FINRA will be trying to adopt to Amazon cloud computing system which will help the organization to reduce the cost of storage and increase the storage capacity. The organization initially sort help of many consultants and vendors who provided such services, but most of them tried to convinced the organization that it is impossible to manage a database of such magnitude on a private platform (Kraska 2013.). There are four major impacts of the public cloud service on FINRA and it is based on the principles of the organization. These major factors are self-sufficiency, open source, public vs. private cloud and customization. FINRA was able to develop an in house system, which as able to manage the Amazon Web Services without any vendors and consultants (Cai and Zhu 2 015). This has helped to reduce the overall cost of the organization significantly. The company has developed a public cloud system, which could be challenging, as it is difficult to manage a platform of such magnitude. The company developed an open source database, which will help them to avoid licensing, and it is based on the Hive and HBase. The organization customized the platform according to their needs that reduced cost of shifting the system into a new cloud database (Kuner et al. 2012). FINRA has incorporated most of the available features of the Amazon cloud services. They are using the Elastic Container Services instead of the EC2 virtual machines. The organization uses a private cloud database and uses a direct connection for networking (Chen, Mao and Liu 2014). This shows that the organization has made immense changes to the database, which will suit their own need. FINRA has been able to do away with the proprietary infrastructure and has enabled them to facilitate the processing of the huge number of data. This also helped the organization to store huge chunk of data very conveniently at a minimal cost (Ularu et al. 2012). The improvement in the new system is far more superior to the old system and the improvement in the system is exponential in nature. The organization is able to do their entire task in mere seconds, which will save them a lot of time and work load. The new system has been able to transform the whole organization; the new system is as such it will be able to absorb flash-crashes and other adverse market situations. The system will automatically spin up thousands of nodes to take them offline and the security of the cloud-based system is far more superior to the normal systems (Dubey et al. 2016). Order Audit Trail System (OATS) is an automated system, which is used to store and record data relating to orders. The information about all the equities that had been sold on the NASDAQ is recorded using the OATS system. This is a system, which will simplify the overall process starting from the initial receipt to the execution of the procedure. This device helps in tracking of the all the market instruments so that it can be easily audited afterwards. FINRA has incorporated this system in to their organization, which is helping the organization to recreate events in order lifecycles and monitoring of all the stocks and the equities in the market. Affect of the emerging technologies on existing technologies The traditional information system approach was to buy hardware, servers, license and installation of software. This traditional process was time consuming and costly as it required deployment cycles that are long and infrastructure demands. However, with the emergence of the cloud based system the whole scenario of the information technology system has changed drastically (Cai and Zhu 2015.). The old processes and the systems have become redundant, as other effective ways have been developed which will easily virtualizes the information technology system. The internet applications can also be accessed by the other new technological methods. This has significantly reduced the cost of hardware that were used for developing and maintaining of the servers. However, the numbers of components that are being moved in to the cloud by the majority of the companies are a handful. Initially the companies had to understand the advantages of using cloud computing so that it can be integrated in to the system of the organization by customizing it according to the needs of the organization (Kuner et al. 2012). The implementation of the cloud computing system in to the business model of the organization is tough, as the organization would have to modify their business model to accommodate the inclusion. This has increased the demand of the new specialists who can monitor and apply the changes without any problem. The ways of creating and developing the application have changed and the software developers have to adjust to the new ways of using the cloud server. The applications are move to the public or the private cloud so the companies will have to change their ways of delivering applications. The support staffs that were required in the traditional system have now become unnecessary and so the need for support staffs has decreased significantly (Kraska 2013). The biggest change of it all is that the data has lost its physical control and are being stored in data centres provided by the vendors. The safety of the data has increased and safer in the cloud servers. The cloud providers have security experts who maintain software and hardware to protect the data of the client from any breach. There is no specific standardized software for the cloud and the companies modify the software to customize it according to their needs (Provost and Fawcett 2013). The numbers of software application that are available in the open market are in millions. There is need for integration among the service providers and other applications, which are similar and belong to the rival organization. Integration is the new need where the companies will be streamlining the multi company project to make the work collaborative. These aspects are important for organization show have formed an collaboration and without the use of the integration there will be problems in security of data, lapses in production and there will be failure in the communication system of the organizations. The hybrid Cloud services have become popular, as this is a service that provide most favourable means for meeting the regulatory conformity for the organization. However, installation and managing of this hybrid servers is expensive and only 27% of the organization have the resources for fully accommodating the cloud based servers (Ularu et al. 2012). The cloud computing system has allowed all the individual use their own customized applications and so it difficult to monitor and secure the data. Thus, the companies are using third party cloud solution, which consist of security apps that will monitor and protect the data from any unwanted breach. Cloud computing is one of essential requirements for development of flexible workplace. The employees are using technology advanced devices to access the data remotely and cloud will facilitate in collaboration, competitive gains and trade. The companies will be able to provide the employees with flexibility, which will help in increasing the productivity in the organization (Dubey et al. 2016). This had lead to the emergence of cloud brokerage services, which will facilitate in providing the organizations with ideal cloud service provider for the organization. These cloud brokerage services have gained popularity due to the need for integration in the hybrid models and there has been rapid growth in this market. This has helped the organization in adaptation of the BYOD, big data and services related to mobility, which is acting as a catalyst in the growth of the Cloud Brokerage Services (Provost and Fawcett 2013). This has to lead to the emergence of the SaaS solutions that has bee n perfectly incorporated in the digital system. This will ensure full integration fo the applications and software without any leaks and breaks. DaaS offers the organization with the support to companies to make choices that cost efficient and will provide the organization with a competitive advantage in the market. FINRA has been able to incorporate the OATS system with their private cloud system, which has improved the ability of the OATS system. The tracking of complex data and recording it has become very easy for the organization and the tasks that would take a time of at least five to seven hours can be solved in seconds and minutes. Corporate strategic planning process Business performance does not consider the business in different level but considers the business as a whole, which helps in identifying the performance of the organization. The performance of the individual will also affect the performance of the company. The incorporation of the business performance management along with the corporate strategic planning will provide the organization with the opportunity of meeting the target (Agus and Shukri Hajinoor 2012). The business performance management is continuously making progress in providing positive impact to the key indicators of business. The strategic planning will help to outline the key indicators, which will help in enhancing the business performance. The strategic planning process is the tool, which will facilitate the organization to make improvement in the business performance management. The strategic planning is an tool which will define the key changes in the key indicator of the organization in order to positively impact t he performance of the organization. Corporate strategic planning will help in identifying the goals and the ways of achieving the target (Hammer 2015). Business performance management in an organization will consist of growth strategy, innovation and better execution and these three important factors will have to be incorporated in to the strategic planning of the organization to maintain their sustainability. The corporate strategic planning consist of various tools which can be used for accessing the market conditions and as well as the internal environment of the organization. The macro environment analysis helps to identify the external factors, which will affect the operations and sustainability of the organization (Rasula, Vuksic and Stemberger 2012). This may include PESTLE analysis, which will help in the identification of macro environmental factors. Porters five forces and the value chain analysis can be used for analysing the internal environment of the organization. The external environment cannot be controlled by the organization but if the organization is able to identify the factors that may affect the performance the n they will be able to mitigate the risk factors by being prepared for it. The internal analysis of the organization includes the SWOT analysis, which will help in identification of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threat of organization. The identification of these factors will help the organization in formulating future strategies to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization (Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). Business intelligence is a tool, which is collect, store, access and analyzes the data to make improvements that will help the organization make better choices. The business intelligence is a tool, which helps the organization to set their corporate strategies, and at the same time will help to change the existing strategies according to the changes in the market. The business intelligence tool will be used by the organization to monitor the progress of the strategic plan and to measure the key performance indicators of the organization. the organization will be able to select sophisticated KPIs by combing different datasets of the corporate organization ((Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). The business intelligence system will help the organization to use an automated device to monitor the KPIs and make appropriate changes in the strategic planning of the organization. This tool will help in the reduction of the cost and time taken for analysis and execution of the strategic plan of the organization. Business intelligence is a guiding tool for creating a successful management strategy and create the desired performance. Business performance management acts as a junction for business intelligence and corporate strategic planning as both these tool are used by the organization to achieve the common goals that is to increase the productivity and hence maintaining the sustainability of the organization. The use of business intelligence for developing the corporate strategy of the organization has been adapted by most of the organization as it helps in forecasting the future market trends and formulation of effective strategies as a means of counter measure for the future uncertainties (Prajogo and Olhager 2012). BI System formulation and Architecture The goals and objectives of a company have to be clearly set in order to implement the business intelligence framework. The goals of the organization, which is required for the proper execution of the business intelligence framework, are trust on a single set of corporate data, which will to help to make decision based on the facts (Prajogo and Olhager 2012). The tools should be easy to use which can easily analyze and report data to help the business achieve better insight to highlight hidden trends and issues. The tools should be able to identify the trends in a short period of time so that the company can quickly adapt to the changing trends in the market. The BI framework that is being developed for an organization could be practical or conceptual depending upon the needs of the organization. The main advantage of using this tool is that the organization has the option of modifying the tool according to the scale of the organization. The large-scale organization will use the tool in a different way where as the small and the medium scale organization will use it in another way. The majority of the organizations use a combination of the products, services and vendors to PM solutions and BI analytics (Meng 2012). The companies with limited amount of resources will use the BI analytics in a different way. They will be using the framework, which will constitute of reporting, analysis and planning of the data without the usage of the extensive resources. The use of effective framework will help an organization to maintain their sustainability in the organization. The above pictures show two frameworks one is one for the medium scale organization and the other is for the large-scale organization. The first framework is less complicated where the vendors, services and products are not taken in to consideration while in the second framework it is a more complex framework with the usage of extensive resources. The tool is very easy to use and even novice employees can use it to understand the market analysis and the trends (Hoogendoorn, Oosterbeek and Van 2013). The framework wants the users to think like an analyst to make optimum usage of the tool. The result that is obtained is precise and accurate which helps in making accurate decisions. The formulation of the strategy for the business can be done at any point of time so that the strategy can be adjusted according to the upcoming market trends. The organization will have to change their processes form tactical to strategic planning which would include the implementation of the business analy tical system. The organization will have to make sure that they maintain the consistency level in all the analytical processes so that the organization has the common sets of dimensions, business rules and hierarchies (Prajogo and Olhager 2012). The companies can develop the analytics system based on their infrastructure; the system is flexible enough to be incorporated in to any form of system. A single console, which is centralised and based on web, can be used for managing all the administrative activities of deployment, installation and management can be done with a few clicks. The above two-business system will help a manager to analyze the progress of the organization and the results of the corporate strategic planning. The system shows how the decision support system will help the organization in making valuable decisions, this will consist of both micro and macro decisions of the organizations. The manager will be able to obtain about both external and internal sources form the data warehouse for interpreting the data. The manager will be able to do a comparative study of the corporate strategic planning and business management process with the help of the business intelligence system, which will help a manager to identify whether the execution of the corporate planning is done in a proper way. The organization will have to define the business process, decision and the analytical processes and the information infrastructure will have to be defined so that the model can be execute din a proper way. There is no right framework in business intelligence and the frameworks change according to the needs of the consumers. This will depend on the constraints and the objectives of an organization. The use of analytic in the supply chain of the organization is one of the important aspects and overall operation can be handled efficiently with the help of the business intelligence (Hoogendoorn, Oosterbeek and Van Praag 2013). The use of the BI in the operations of the company will help in increasing the productivity and maintaining the quality of the product. However, the complexity of the organization increases with the increase in the width of the scope of the organization. The above framework show show the decision support system has been used to facilitate the needs of the organiza tion. Developing an argument either in favor or against the preference of knowledge based system over traditional IT systems Knowledge based system is one of the members of the AI group which is used for the entire advanced task and other resources. The society has become more oriented to knowledge and is relying on experts to make decision for them. The KBS system will increase the consistency and will allow the users to function at a much higher level. The KBS system is bale to understand and interpret the data to make decision on behalf of the expert. Knowledge Based System emphasizes on the system that utilizes the knowledge based techniques to support the human decision, learning and actions. This system is developed to cooperate with the humans. As put forward by Popovi? et al. (2012), a knowledge based system is considered as the computer program that uses artificial intelligence to resolve the issues within a particular domain that practically requires human expertise. This system tasks for expert system could involve the classification, diagnosis, design and monitoring and planning for the specialized. It is identified that Information technology could conduct the human activities but without the involvement of humans, it is not possible to conduct those activities. Many organizations in the recent time have been observed to be using AI in their operation to speed up the process of operation. On the other side, the use of traditional information technology involves the staffs to operate. In this context, Chen, Chiang and Storey (2012) commented that knowledge-based system seems to be more general compared to expert system. Knowledge Based System is highly demanded in many organizations due to unique features like problem solving. The problem-solving efficiency does not lie with the smart reasoning method nor it is depended on developed algorithms but it is highly depended on domain-dependent real-world knowledge. It has been found out that real world issues do not have any well developed solutions; hence, the knowledge based system permits this knowledge to be represented. The KBS provides an enhanced solution. In this context Azma and Mostafapour (2012) commented that knowledge based system derives the experience and knowledge of human expertise and record them in knowledge-base to resolve the problems that usually require human expertise. The KBS can be used as the diagnostic tools where the interpretation provides a deep understanding of situation or circumstance with available and relevant information; whereas traditional IT identified the issues based on the algorithm developed in the system; thereby, thereby reach of Information Technology is limited compared to Knowledge Based System. According to Hou (2012), KBS has a design tool that helps to make the configuration that meets the constraints of the issues identified. Likewise, the system is embedded with a monitoring tool that helps to check he performance as well as the inconsistency. Another significant tool is known as the control, which helps to collect and evaluate the evidences and other related opinions. The most significant diagnostic tool of KBS is known as debugging, which helps to identify as well as prescribe solutions for the malfunction. On the other side, the traditional information technology could inform the users about the malfunctions but it cannot develop the solutions. As discussed earlier, with the help of AI, Knowledge Based System could provide the identification about particular issues, which is known as the set of symptoms but hence, IT system could stop the operation being affected by the problems. According to Duan and Da Xu (2012), the component of a human or an expert system which consists of systems knowledge developed in the collection of facts regarding the system domains is known as Knowledge Based System. Due to all these advanced features, the KBS is highly demanded in each sector by the medium and large size organizations. Discussing the broad implication for KBS rising from the introduction of cloud computing techniques that provide intelligent computing power over the internet Certainly, the cloud computing is known as one of the advanced and latest innovation in modern technology. The cloud computing is referred to the use of computing resource from the server using the broad network. This system enables the user to access the required resource using any computer system associated with the internet as the web server. However, the biggest contribution of cloud computing technology is Knowledge Based System. As put forward by Sauter (2014), as the long-term investment in learning always lead to the consequence in immediate the enhancement, business across the world have waited long and it was hard to find a way of gaining knowledge. However, with the revolution and development of IT solutions, it is probably that cloud computing is foolproof system for conducting the same. As there has been a growing popularity of cloud-based knowledge management system, technology through the evolution, has been able to help people in experiencing some significant benefits from the potential risks. In addition to this, as the cloud-computing has the scope for storing the relevant information; it has become more easier to develop KBS. To develop and use KBS, the users do not need additional hardware or software, on single operating system can work for the KBS Foshay and Kuziemsky (2014). Deriving the human expertise and utilizing the resources kept in the cloud, the Knowledge Based system works as a whole and facilitates the overall operation. As put forward by Chang (2016) the cloud technologies are utilized to aid knowledge sharing because of the recent advancement in the field of internet as well as its growing popularity. The major advantage of cloud computing technology is that it can be implemented throughout the organization. Hence, the organizations should re-evaluate as well as modernize their knowledge management strategies to keep up with the knowledge enhancement (Azma and Mostafapour 2012). Furthermore, it is also observed that because of the large range of knowledg e as well as the content in the enterprise, the monitoring as well as the supervision is complicated along with high licensing cost. Hence, the solution is to take up an extensible knowledge management system to meet the organizational needs. When the successful transition to a cloud based knowledge system is developed, the organization could experience a set of benefit such as reduced licensing charges using a single content management system (Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). The organization could enjoy the benefits of reduced ownership charges because of the transition to cloud. The organization could observe a developed efficiency as well as cooperation across the organizations through a unified system. Thus, it can be mentioned that technological operation has now days become easier due to advancement of AI in the form of Knowledge Based System. As put forward by Popovic et al. (2012) being able to use knowledge as the competitive advantages needs a sophisticated system of knowledge management. Hence, the major objectives o knowledge management is to increase the highest exploitation of intellectual capital in organization. This has been possible by the use of technology that that can work as human and probably faster than humans but using human expertise only. Data mining Data mining is the process in which the large number of data is analyzed to identify the hidden relationship between various data and at the same time can be sued for the prediction of the future.It can be used for finding the anomalies, correlation and patterns among the data. This is used to increase the revenue and reduce the cost associated with the organization and make improvements in the relationship with the customers and reduce the risk. Initially data mining was used in scientific disciplines, artificial intelligence, statistics, and machine learning. However, the application of data mining is huge and in the past decade the multinational companies has been using data mining and big data to make improvements in the business model of the organization (Popovi? et al. 2012). The emergence of data mining has made the old processes redundant by taking out those tedious and time-consuming processes. The automated analysis of the data has been used in all types of industry to unco ver relevant insight form complex data. Data mining has been used in retail, banking, financial sector and many other industries, which shows that the data mining has the capability of resolving all the issues that are being linked with the organizations. Globalization has made improvements in the technological advancement and this has caused the emergence of large amount of data. The large amount of data is unstructured and complex: data mining is the process, which can be used to obtain meaningful data from this huge chunk of data (Chen,Chiang and Storey 2012). The data mining can be used to reduce the amount of noise in the data by eliminating the repetitive data from it. Data mining will be able to identify meaningful data, which can be used for drawing inference. This also helps in making important decision at a brisk pace and this has made data mining as an integral part of the business world. The sue of analytics to understand the patterns and relationship with in the variable is very common. The proper usage of the data mining and big data can provide an organization with competitive advantage. Modern scenario shows that the companies have incorporated the use of data mining so that they make improvements in the performance of the company. The analysis of the huge chunk of data was very difficult and time consuming for the companies and the emergence of data mining has been a boon for the corporate industry (Azma and Mostafapour 2012). Data mining is the solution to all the problems in the market trends where the companies can make us e of the data mining to make changes to their corporate planning strategy and prepare for adverse situations. There are various types of modelling method, which are used for the analysis of the data. The needs of the consumers and fluctuations in the market can be easily analyzed with the help of analytics. Market basket analysis is one such technique where the retail companies use the data to identify the complementary products, most popular products and the pattern the products should be arranged so that they sale of the outlet increases. This show that data mining was initially sued for theoretical analysis but it can be better applied to solve the problems of the business world. The tradition form of analysis were time consuming and difficult to calculate whereas data mining produces very fast results and helps in reducing the time making decisions (Foshay and Kuziemsky 2014). Implication of intelligent data analytics The emergence of big data has lead to usage the data of the behaviour of the consumer to identify their needs, upcoming patterns and the popular products in the products. The consumers are unaware about the usage of their personal data by the companies. This may be considered as the breach of privacy and the consumers if they find out about it can file a lawsuit against the company. Even if the consumer has agreed to share their data then the consumers are unaware of the fact that how the data will be sued by the organization. The organization may sell the data to a third party who may misuse it for its own benefit. This is a common phenomenon for the companies to use of the customer data and store it in their data warehouse to analyze it to find the patterns hidden in it (Hou 2012). The availability of large amount of data is common in this present business world but it the duty of the companies to protect the data of the consumers in a proper way so that it cannot be misused for ot her purposes. A lot of companies have their data warehouse where the large amount of data of the consumers is kept for further analysis in the future. However, most of the companies are very casual about the privacy and protection of the data and the recent incident in the past few years show that there has been privacy breach in large number of companies. They have been unable to do anything about and consumers are more frightened about sharing their information at an organizational level. There are instances where data has been stolen and has been used for identity theft and accumulation of the large amount of data at a single place has presented the hackers with the opportunity to steal this huge data for their own benefit (Duan and Da Xu, L. 2012). The companies should be more focused on protecting the data of their consumers otherwise it will be difficult for the companies to retain their consumers. The instances show that the data breaches in all the incident is the fault of the organization and they had to pay heavy fine to the consumers for such a shameful incident. This shows that the organization are least bothered about the data privacy of the consumers and using it for their own benefits. The big data consist of various analyses and is very sensitive in nature so it has to be protected at all cost (Foshay and Kuziemsky 2014.). The data can be used for many misdeeds, which will be a problem for the company and the consumer at the same time. The consumers have lost their trust on the companies and are very much reluctant in sharing the data with the consumers. Thus, it can be concluded that it is wrong on the part of the companies to exploit the data of the consumers and the companies should make sure that they maintain t he privacy of the consumers. Reference Agus, A. and Shukri Hajinoor, M., 2012. Lean production supply chain management as driver towards enhancing product quality and business performance: Case study of manufacturing companies in Malaysia.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,29(1), pp.92-121. Azma, F. and Mostafapour, M.A., 2012. Business intelligence as a key strategy for development organizations.Procedia Technology,1, pp.102-106. Cai, L. and Zhu, Y., 2015. The challenges of data quality and data quality assessment in the big data era.Data Science Journal,14. Chang, J.F., 2016.Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., 2012. Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4). Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., 2012. Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4). Chen, M., Mao, S. and Liu, Y., 2014. Big data: A survey.Mobile Networks and Applications,19(2), pp.171-209. Chou, D.C., 2013. Risk identification in Green IT practice.Computer Standards Interfaces,35(2), pp.231-237. Duan, L. and Da Xu, L., 2012. Business intelligence for enterprise systems: a survey.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,8(3), pp.679-687. Dubey, R., Gunasekaran, A., Childe, S.J., Wamba, S.F. and Papadopoulos, T., 2016. The impact of big data on world-class sustainable manufacturing.The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,84(1-4), pp.631-645. Foshay, N. and Kuziemsky, C., 2014. Towards an implementation framework for business intelligence in healthcare.International Journal of Information Management,34(1), pp.20-27. GhaffarianHoseini, A., Dahlan, N.D., Berardi, U., GhaffarianHoseini, A., Makaremi, N. and GhaffarianHoseini, M., 2013. Sustainable energy performances of green buildings: A review of current theories, implementations and challenges.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,25, pp.1-17. Green Jr, K.W., Zelbst, P.J., Meacham, J. and Bhadauria, V.S., 2012. Green supply chain management practices: impact on performance.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(3), pp.290-305. Hammer, M., 2015. What is business process management?. InHandbook on Business Process Management 1(pp. 3-16). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Hasan, Z. and Ali, N.A., 2015. The Impact of Green Marketing Strategy on the Firm's Performance in Malaysia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,172, pp.463-470. Hoogendoorn, S., Oosterbeek, H. and Van Praag, M., 2013. The impact of gender diversity on the performance of business teams: Evidence from a field experiment.Management Science,59(7), pp.1514-1528. Hou, C.K., 2012. Examining the effect of user satisfaction on system usage and individual performance with business intelligence systems: An empirical study of Taiwan's electronics industry.International Journal of Information Management,32(6), pp.560-573. Kraska, T., 2013. Finding the needle in the big data systems haystack.IEEE Internet Computing,17(1), pp.84-86. Kuner, C., Cate, F.H., Millard, C. and Svantesson, D.J.B., 2012. The challenge of big datafor data protection. Meng, X., 2012. The effect of relationship management on project performance in construction.International journal of project management,30(2), pp.188-198. Murugesan, S. and Gangadharan, G.R., 2012.Harnessing green IT: Principles and practices. Wiley Publishing. Popovi?, A., Hackney, R., Coelho, P.S. and Jakli?, J., 2012. Towards business intelligence systems success: Effects of maturity and culture on analytical decision making.Decision Support Systems,54(1), pp.729-739. Prajogo, D. and Olhager, J., 2012. Supply chain integration and performance: The effects of long-term relationships, information technology and sharing, and logistics integration.International Journal of Production Economics,135(1), pp.514-522. Provost, F. and Fawcett, T., 2013. Data science and its relationship to big data and data-driven decision making.Big Data,1(1), pp.51-59. Rasula, J., Vuksic, V.B. and Stemberger, M.I., 2012. The impact of knowledge management on organisational performance.Economic and Business Review for Central and South-Eastern Europe,14(2), p.147. Sarkar, A.N., 2012. Green branding and eco-innovations for evolving a sustainable green marketing strategy.Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation,8(1), pp.39-58. Sauter, V.L., 2014.Decision support systems for business intelligence. John Wiley Sons. Shiva, V., 2016.The violence of the green revolution: Third world agriculture, ecology, and politics. University Press of Kentucky. Ularu, E.G., Puican, F.C., Apostu, A. and Velicanu, M., 2012. Perspectives on big data and big data analytics.Database Systems Journal,3(4), pp.3-14. Wamba, S.F., Akter, S., Edwards, A., Chopin, G. and Gnanzou, D., 2015. How big datacan make big impact: Findings from a systematic review and a longitudinal case study.International Journal of Production Economics,165, pp.234-246. Zhao, R., Neighbour, G., Han, J., McGuire, M. and Deutz, P., 2012. Using game theory to describe strategy selection for environmental risk and carbon emissions reduction in the green supply chain.Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries,25(6), pp.927-936. Zhu, Q., Sarkis, J. and Lai, K.H., 2012. Examining the effects of green supply chain management practices and their mediations on performance improvements.International journal of production research,50(5), pp.1377-1394.

Corporate Governance and Risk Reporting Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Describe the actions taken and behaviour displayed by Senior Management throughout this saga in terms of Enterprise Risk Management. 2.Show me a companys various compensation plans, and Ill show you how its employees behave - Jack Welch, Former CEO of General Electric Examine the key areas of concern in TABs remuneration plan. 3.Critically evaluate the actions taken by ASIC throughout the course of the financial planning scandal, while highlighting difficulties ASIC might have faced during its investigations. 4.The media played an important role in exposing the fraud in TAFP. Discuss the role of the media in promoting good governance. Are there factors which limit its effectiveness? 5.Briefly discuss the importance of a good whistleblower protection policy. Do you think the policy Sufficiently protected Bloe and his fellow whistle blowers? 6.TAB had an Excellent reputation amongst its Customers but TAFP severely damaged it. Answers: Introduction Corporate governance is a set of mechanisms, processes and practices by which a company is directed and controlled. It involves taking into consideration the interests of all the stakeholders of the company such as shareholders, managers, employees, clients and directors, thus it is faced with the challenge of having to align these interests (Acharya et al, 2013). Corporate governance lays out the duties and responsibilities of all participants in a corporation and monitors their actions in compliance to its principles. Governance structure includes a set of rules, regulations and procedures regarding all the affairs of the company. 1.Enterprise risk management is the manner in which an organizations activities are planned, organized and controlled in an attempt to minimize potential loss in its capital investments and earnings (Brustbauer, 2017). The senior management of Terra Australis Bank (TAB) is fraudulent and unprincipled as it has provided management protection to some of the employees who are dishonest in their actions, for example Don. It also does not take into account complaints brought to it by the other employees of the bank who do not hold a high title. Some of the top leaders for example the banks Chief Executive Officer Sam Venus have remained inconspicuous meaning that they do not want to directly get involved in the operations of the bank. This has led the bank into a very risky position, reducing its earnings and almost losing its customers. The risks involved include: Financial Risk This is a possibility of loss of monetary resources and uncertainty about their extent. TABs clients experience a loss in their finances which are subjected to high risk investments, even during the apparent state of financial meltdown. The management of the bank could have avoided this type of risk by formulating better remuneration strategies for example basing amounts of bonuses and commissions received to the number of clients served (Berger et al, 2016) There should also be monitoring of employees actions and behavior as an internal control system and reviewing all analytical reports. Operational Risk There is clearly a failed system of operation in TAB which has and will continue to bring losses if not rectified. To mitigate this risk, the banks management should have clear set of principles and standards of operation and encourage their employees to follow them to the latter, failure to which there should be some kind of punishment Sam Venus Being in the position of Sam Venus, the CEO of TAB, I would have taken the first step of correcting the banks mistakes by issuing a public apology as well. I would not have stopped there, however due to the damaged reputation of the bank and lack of customer satisfaction. In addition to the compensation plan, I would set up a bank mission statement in an attempt to restore the damaged employee-customer relationship. In this exercise however, I would involve all the employees and value their opinion so that each one of them would be more willing to follow them and do their best in their work for their good and the good of the bank. The results of employee involvement would be to ensure that they will do the right thing even when no one is watching. I would set up a well-developed compliance culture to encourage the employees to comply with the rules and regulations of the law as well as those of the respective department and the bank as a whole. Clients concerns would be the central focus of the bank as a service providing entity. The relationship between the employees and the clients would be based on trust and understanding. Lastly, I would set up a risk response strategy to ensure that the clients money would no longer be invested in high risk projects which may not have high returns. In other words, I would devise strategies that focus on returns rather than risk. I would ensure there are regular committee meetings involving an expert who would help us understand how the risk response strategy is working and whether we are making efforts towards achieving our goals in responding to risk appropriately. There would be continued inspection and monitoring of the risk environment and performance of the risk mitigation strategy (McShane et al, 2011). 2.TABs remuneration plan has focused too much on risk instead of the returns received from the clients investments. The amount of commission and bonus payable is directly proportional to the risk involved. This means that the higher the risk, the more the bonus payed to the employees who then respond by advising their clients to invest in highly risky projects whether or not they have high returns. This compensation strategy is not effective in the least bit because the employees do not thoroughly assess the risk levels of an investment asset before investing in it. This has severely damaged the relationship between the employees and clients developing mistrust thus ineffectiveness in the banks overall operation. Being in the management position of the bank, I would focus more of the employees attention on returns on investment and number of clients well served. TAB has instilled in its employees an ambitious sales-driven culture which is quite aggressive and builds competition instead of cooperation among the employees. Each employee is individually focused on being the best and meeting his or her sales target without any care about who gets negatively affected in the process. The bank is encouraging on win-lose culture thus there is no cooperation among the employees of between the employees and the clients. This basically means that the bank cannot grow as a whole. I would insist more on cooperation and relationship building if I was in a leadership position in the bank. 3.Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) clearly does not carry out its activities until complaints are extended to them. Even then, the commission is very slow in its response and when it does respond, it is only to a small fraction of the complaints it has received. When Joe Bloe and Mary Jones took their concerns to ASIC, for example, they were brushed aside. ASICs first response to the scandal was in 2010 after several clients had suffered loss of their finances. The commission asked for the clients files to be handed over by the wealth management division of TAB, TAFP. It pressured the bank to devise a compensation scheme for payment to the affected clients but did not follow up on that in that the clients received minimal amounts. It also carried out an assessment of the risk management systems of the bank. Other than the above actions, ASIC did not do anything further to respond to complaints. its investigation of the scandal which include. Lack Of Good Financial Records Some of the files were missing while others had been sanitized meaning that there was not a well laid-out financial recording system. Therefore, there would not be physical evidence of the misconducts of the management. Uncompliance By The Management TAFPs management would be unwilling to cooperate with ASIC during the investigation because they are well aware that they are fraudulent and dishonest. 4.The media acts as a watchdog: It publicizes all information acquired by the personnel, creating public awareness and therefore protecting the interests of the latter from malpractice. It exposes any dubious actions by an organization which changes peoples perspective. This ensures that services are provided in the correct manner. Media has played an important role in reducing the communication gap thus every person is able to acquire the latest available piece of information. Its effectiveness has however been limited by various factors including: Spread of rumors: This occurs especially in social media where there is no prior thorough investigation before reports are produced. This reduces its effectiveness because misleading information may be spread to the public who then may lose trust in the media when truth finally comes out. Lack of follow-up: Media is mostly concerned with telling a story and not actually following up on it. In social for example, various participants post their concerns and if only a few people are interested in what they have to say or if that information does not reach the right people then that is the end of it (Bebchuk et al, 2009). Yes. Social media plays an important role in enterprise risk management as it provides organizations with insight in changes in consumer tastes and preferences. The media also is not hesitant in exposing fraud in an organization. Many organizations are therefore forced to make smart risk management strategies due to the fear of losing their reputation and comply with the rules and regulations of the respective country. 5.A good whistleblower protection policy ensures that whistleblowers, those individuals who bring to light possible wrongdoings in an organization are protected, which leads to effective management (McCahery et al, 2016). It also ensures that employees adhere to the organizations principles and offer an opportunity for resolving issues internally. Furthermore, it improves ethics in the organization and may bring about fairness. In TAB the policy did not protect the whistleblowers because of the unprincipled and dishonest management. All their concerns fell into deaf ears of both the banks management and ASIC. It was not until their complaints came out to the general public that they were addressed. Recognition to whistleblowers whose concerns are investigated and found out to be the truth. This could include rewarding them by promotion or increase in their salaries as a way of encouraging others to come forward with their concerns. Verification of these complaints must be done however, to ensure that they are credible. 6.Organizations face various challenges in their attempt to promote good governance, compliance and ethics. These include: Lack of transparency: For the principles of an organization to apply to the whole group there must be free flow of information. This is however seldom the case due to lack of a good whistleblower protection policy which may lead to misconduct and ineffective corporate governance. Lack of participation in decision making: If employees are not given a chance to participate in the decision making process of the company, they often feel left out and are therefore adamant on following the policies made (Berger et al, 2016). Unresponsiveness by some departments: Some department managers are very slow in reacting to issues brought to them by the employees, while some might just brush them off. This disrupts the ease of the flow of the governing system. Employment: It would be impossible to identify people who are more likely to comply to the companys ethics while recruiting without first having them onboard. Conclusion Good governance involves having a well-developed risk management system, ethics and compliance system as well as a remuneration system that promotes cooperation and relationship building among the employees. It involves good decision making practices to develop a set of corporate standards and principles for guidance. References Acharya, V. V., Gottschalg, O. F., Hahn, M., Kehoe, C. (2013). Corporate governance and value creation: Evidence from private equity.Review of Financial Studies,26(2), 368-402. McCahery, J. A., Sautner, Z., Starks, L. T. (2016). 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Enterprise risk management and firm performance: The Italian case.The British Accounting Review,49(1), 56-74. Olson, D. L., Wu, D. D. (2017). Data Envelopment Analysis in Enterprise Risk Management. InEnterprise Risk Management Models(pp. 105-117). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. McShane, M. K., Nair, A., Rustambekov, E. (2011). Does enterprise risk management increase firm value?.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance,26(4), 641-658. Brustbauer, J. (2016). Enterprise risk management in SMEs: Towards a structural model.International Small Business Florio, C., Leoni, G. (2017). Enterprise risk management and firm performance: The Italian case.The British Accounting Review,49(1), 56-74.Journal,34(1), 70-85.